US3576411A - Apparatus for detecting discontinuities in a moving article - Google Patents

Apparatus for detecting discontinuities in a moving article Download PDF

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Publication number
US3576411A
US3576411A US695456A US3576411DA US3576411A US 3576411 A US3576411 A US 3576411A US 695456 A US695456 A US 695456A US 3576411D A US3576411D A US 3576411DA US 3576411 A US3576411 A US 3576411A
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United States
Prior art keywords
moving article
gas jet
effective
pressure sensitive
body member
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Expired - Lifetime
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US695456A
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English (en)
Inventor
Georges Baroin
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Rhone Poulenc SA
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Rhone Poulenc SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
    • G01N19/08—Detecting presence of flaws or irregularities
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B13/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/02—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by pneumatic or hydraulic means, e.g. sensing punched holes with compressed air; by sonic means ; by ultrasonic means

Definitions

  • a punched tape in which a jet of gas is directed onto one side of the article. If a discontinuity is present, this is detected by a pressure sensitive device, e.g. a diaphragm on the other side of the article which is actuated by the gas jet, to operate an electrical device, e.g. a switch.
  • a pressure sensitive device e.g. a diaphragm on the other side of the article which is actuated by the gas jet
  • the present invention concerns an apparatus for detecting discontinuities in a moving article.
  • the discontinuities may be a slot formed deliberately on the edge of a product in band form, or a slight interval which may exist between two successive articles (such as for example the gap produced between the cutoff comers of two labels following one another in a printed band, or between two envelopes carried along successively), or perforations of any desired shape situated at a specific zone in a product in band form, or deficiencies(that is to say portions causing distinctly less pressure loss on the passage of a gas flow than the remainder of the band).
  • These slots, perforations or deficiencies may have been deliberately produced or not.
  • apparatus for detecting discontinuities in a moving article comprising a body member having a guide associated therewith for guiding said moving article, a gas jet nozzle on a first side of said body adapted to direct a gas jet against at least a portion of the moving article on said guide, gas pressure sensitive means on a second side of said body opposite said first side in register with said gas jet nozzle and an electrical device associated with said gas pressure sensitive means to be actuated thereby when a gas jet impinges on said gas pressure sensitive means.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of one embodiment of apparatus according to the invention, and taken on a plane perpendicular to the movement of a band and extending through the axis of the compressed air nozzle;
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 from one side
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view from the other side.
  • the apparatus comprises a base 1 which is formed with a guide channel 2 through which a band 3 having notches thereon passes.
  • This band is held in the channel by a transparent plastics material block 4 held by leaf springs 5 and located by four studs 6 and the two abutment bolts 7 on the body member 1.
  • the block 4 carries a gas jet nozzle with a calibrated orifice 8.
  • a calibrated orifice 9 situated opposite the nozzle.
  • a circular elastic diaphragm 10 is held in place to extend symmetrically over the end of the orifice 9 remote from channel 2 by a strap 11 fixed to the base 1.
  • Two parallel leaf springs 12 and 13 are fixed to electrically insulated blocks 14 and 15, secured to the base by bolts 7, the spring 12 carrying a push member 16 which abuts the diaphragm 10 and a contact 17 facing a second contact 18 carried by the spring 13.
  • a micrometer screw 19 on a support 20 regulates the spacing between the two contacts.
  • a paper tape 3 provided with marginal slots passes through the channel at a uniform speed. Compressed air arrives through the nozzle 8, the orifice of which is substantially blocked by the paper tape until a slot is in register therewith.
  • the jet of air then produced passes through the calibrated orifice 9 and imparts an impulse to the diaphragm 10 which is deformed and displaces the push member 16 and the spring 12.
  • the contacts 17 and 18 close an electrical circuit which may control any appropriate device.
  • the mechanical or electrical sensing devices can easily get out of order, whereas the sensing device according to the invention can always operate regularly.
  • the existing sensing devices may have their operation disturbed by the presence of foreign bodies such as fragments of the material of the travelling band, whereas the apparatus according to the invention automatically eliminates such foreign bodies and can thus operate for a long time without any'failures.
  • the apparatus according to the invention can operate with any form of slots whereas with mechanical or electrical sensing devices the slots must be of an appropriate form.
  • the apparatus according to the invention can detect deficiencies, which neither the mechanical sensing devices nor the electrical sensing devices can detect.
  • the apparatus according to the invention has an extremely short response time, which permits working at a high speed.
  • the apparatus according to the invention can operate in any position without changing the setting, which is not generally possible with mechanical sensing devices.
  • the elastic diaphragm which constitutes a most robust device for detecting the variation in the dynamic pressure of the gas fiow on the passage of a discontinuity may be replaced by any other pressure detecting device such as a folded metal diaphragm, barometric capsule, stress gauge device, piezoelectric device, and in these latter apparatus the electrical contact of course becomes unnecessary.
  • the electrical contact which is shown in the form of parallel leaf springs with regulation of the contacts, an optionally adjustable, simple and robust device, can be replaced by any other contact system suitable for a particular use. It is sufficient that the device effecting contact can be operated by the detection of the variation in the dynamic pressure.
  • the electrical contact may equally well be a contact effecting the closing of a circuit on the passage of a discontinuity or a reverse type of contact effecting the opening of a circuit when a discontinuity passes.
  • the apparatus is constructed in accordance with the usual standards corresponding to this type of device and in accordance with the desired dimensions thereof.
  • the base is advantageously made of metal, the channel of a transparent plastics material such as methyl polymethacrylate, the insulating portions of polyvinyl chloride, methyl acrylate phenol formaldehyde laminate, methyl methacrylate, polyamides such as nylon, polyolefines or polyesters.
  • the diaphragm is most advantageously made of rubber or silicone elastomer.
  • the electrical parts are of conventional construction, preferably being made of brass or bronze, the contacts themselves being advantageously constituted by a silver insert.
  • the portion represented as a channel with a slide of transparent plastics material held by leaf springs being possibly replaced by a guide of a size suitable for the band being explored, and the nozzle-orifice assembly has simply to be arranged so that the discontinuities to be detected pass level with them.
  • An advantage of the apparatus resides in the fact that it can operate with air or an optionally chosen gas, such as a chemically inert gas, e.g. nitrogen, and the fluid supply pressure necessary for operating the apparatus can be low.
  • a gas pressure ranging form 50 to 500 millibars is usually satisfactory.
  • the apparatus may of course operate with a higher supply pressure, but this is not advised in most cases.
  • the escape of gas from the nozzle with the calibrated orifice is normally very small, and an increase in pressure causes a continuous gas delivery and a useless consumption as well as creating a noise which may become unpleasant.
  • the sensing device was intended to detect the passage of marginal slots on a continuous paper tape (thickness 0.08 mm.; width 25 mm.) passing at a speed of 9 meters/minute.
  • the slots were semicircular, mm. in diameter and spaced 36 mm. apart, the slots thus passing at a rate of 250 per minute.
  • the sensing device corresponded to that shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the block 4 having an overall dimension of 80 mm. in the direction in which the tape travels and 70 mm. in the perpendicular sense, its thickness being 4 mm.
  • the guide channel 2 was 26 mm. wide and 0.30 mm. deep.
  • the base was made of brass, the slide of methyl polymethacrylate, the fittings, screws, leaf springs were made of brass, the contacts of silver.
  • the nozzle had an internal diameter of 0.6 mm., the calibrated orifice a diameter of 2.4 mm.
  • the diaphragm was made of rubber 1 mm. in thickness, and the free diameter thereof was 17 mm. The nozzle was supplied with compressed air under a pressure of 100 millibars.
  • the sensing device regularly effected the detection of the passage of the slots at a rate of 250 per minute, and it operated regularly 9 hours per day with simply one brief clean per week.
  • Apparatus for detecting discontinuities in a moving article comprising, in combination:
  • a body member having a first side and a second side opposite said first side; b. a groove defined in said body member on said first side thereof;
  • gas jet nozzle means on said first side of said body effective to direct the gas jet against at least a portion of said moving article in said guide means;
  • Apparatus for detecting discontinuities in a moving article comprising, in combination:
  • a body member having a first side and a second side opposite said first side;
  • moving article guide means associated with said body member efi'ective to guide said moving article into and out of said body member between said first and second sides;
  • gas jet nozzle means on said first side of said body effective to direct the gas jet against at least a portion of said moving article in said guide means;
  • said dynamic gas pressure sensitive means comprise an elastic diaphragm secured to said second side of said body to extend over said opening and a push member abutting said diaphragm effective to be pushed by said diaphragm upon flexure of the latter under the action of a gas jet from said nozzle.
  • said electrical means includes an electrical switch operated by said push member.
  • said electrical switch includes first and second leaf springs carried by said body member and electrically insulated from one another, and first and second contacts carried by said first and second leaf springs respectively, said first leaf spring being in abutting relation to said push member.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Measuring Arrangements Characterized By The Use Of Fluids (AREA)
US695456A 1967-01-30 1968-01-03 Apparatus for detecting discontinuities in a moving article Expired - Lifetime US3576411A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR93026A FR1536202A (fr) 1967-01-30 1967-01-30 Palpeur pneumatique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3576411A true US3576411A (en) 1971-04-27

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US695456A Expired - Lifetime US3576411A (en) 1967-01-30 1968-01-03 Apparatus for detecting discontinuities in a moving article

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3576411A (en])
BE (1) BE710048A (en])
CH (1) CH465284A (en])
FR (1) FR1536202A (en])
GB (1) GB1166963A (en])
NL (1) NL6800876A (en])
SE (1) SE344647B (en])

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3768303A (en) * 1972-02-15 1973-10-30 Gen Electric Miniature yarn air gauge head
US3769475A (en) * 1971-10-21 1973-10-30 Gen Electric Pneumatic break detector sensor
US3783243A (en) * 1971-06-25 1974-01-01 Ibm Pneumatic reading system for document cards
CN107588717A (zh) * 2017-07-31 2018-01-16 中国农业大学 一种植物株径的检测装置、系统和方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2251180A (en) * 1939-07-24 1941-07-29 Wilbur L Lindsten Service call device
US2337195A (en) * 1940-08-29 1943-12-21 John W Hobbs Corp Pressure actuated switch mechanism
US2934618A (en) * 1955-07-11 1960-04-26 Controls Co Of America Fluid pressure responsive switch
US2953654A (en) * 1958-12-16 1960-09-20 Bauder Reinhold Control arrangement including a punched program carrier
US3057974A (en) * 1959-03-30 1962-10-09 Digitronics Corp Information sensing apparatus
US3230328A (en) * 1962-08-23 1966-01-18 Controls Co Of America Adjustable pressure switch having positive reset means

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2251180A (en) * 1939-07-24 1941-07-29 Wilbur L Lindsten Service call device
US2337195A (en) * 1940-08-29 1943-12-21 John W Hobbs Corp Pressure actuated switch mechanism
US2934618A (en) * 1955-07-11 1960-04-26 Controls Co Of America Fluid pressure responsive switch
US2953654A (en) * 1958-12-16 1960-09-20 Bauder Reinhold Control arrangement including a punched program carrier
US3057974A (en) * 1959-03-30 1962-10-09 Digitronics Corp Information sensing apparatus
US3230328A (en) * 1962-08-23 1966-01-18 Controls Co Of America Adjustable pressure switch having positive reset means

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3783243A (en) * 1971-06-25 1974-01-01 Ibm Pneumatic reading system for document cards
US3769475A (en) * 1971-10-21 1973-10-30 Gen Electric Pneumatic break detector sensor
US3768303A (en) * 1972-02-15 1973-10-30 Gen Electric Miniature yarn air gauge head
CN107588717A (zh) * 2017-07-31 2018-01-16 中国农业大学 一种植物株径的检测装置、系统和方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE710048A (en]) 1968-07-29
CH465284A (fr) 1968-11-15
FR1536202A (fr) 1968-08-16
NL6800876A (en]) 1968-07-31
SE344647B (en]) 1972-04-24
GB1166963A (en) 1969-10-15

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